Lubricating-die for brick and tile machines



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

RV. NIEDERGES-AESS.

LUBRIGATING DIE FOR BRICK AND TILE MACHINES. No. 385,317. Patented June26, 1888.

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B. NIEDERGE'SAESS.

LUBRIOATING DIE FOR BRICK AND TILE MACHINES.

No. 885,317. Patented J1i11626, 1888.

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(N0 Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3.

R. NIEDERGESAESS. LUBRIGATING DIE F 0R BRICK AND TILE MACHINES.

No. 385,317 PatentedJune 26, 1888.

% 02V] INVENTOR .rlttorney ROBERT NIEDERGESAESS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,ASSIGNOR TO FREY, SHEOKLER 85 HOOVER, OF BUOYRUS, OHIO.

LUBRlCATlNG-DIE FOR BRI CK AND TlLE MACHENES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 385,317, dated June 26,1888.

Application filed September 28,

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, ROBERT NIEDERGESAESS, a subject of the Queen ofEngland, residing in the United States of America, at Chicago, in thecounty of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Means for Lubricating Dies or Molds for Tile and BrickMachines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in dies, molds, or formers attachedto the delivery end of tile and brick machines for the purpose offorming or shaping the column of clay in its progress through the die;and the object is to construct a die or former which will lubricate thecolumn of clay in the essential parts of its area, so that the clayshall be lubricated at the proper places and retarded and impeded in itsparts not so lubricated.

The improvements are adapted to all clayworking machines which force theclay through an orifice to give it desired shape by means of ascrew-propellcr or otherwise. In machines of this character the clay inits progress often adheres in the corners of the dies, or is so impededby such frictional contact that the middle or central part of the columnor slab will move faster than the exterior and angular portions, makingshapes or wares having a tend ency to warp and crack, or to lose itsshape, to the ultimate damage of the finished form. Aside from theseuncertain and irregular results, the frictional contact is so strong asto take up much of the power which impels the machine, so thatlubrication is an essential; but if generally distributed over the slabthe same variances of movement and formation exist; hence it isrequisite that means be employed which will eventuate in the slab orcolumn being discharged evenly at all parts, and this it is the purposeof myimprovenients to accomplish. .l. attain this desired result bymeans of the constructions illustrated in the accompanying drawings,wherein- Figure 1. is an end view, in elevation, of a die arranged tomake three slabs of clay adapted to make three end-cut bricks. Fig. 2 isa side elevation of the same, showing the shearing-wires and table. Fig.3 is a rear view of same where bolted on the machine. Fig. 4 is alongitudinal central vertical section, shown 1887. Serial No. 250,915.v(No model.)

on a larger scale than the other figures. Fig. 5 is a view of one of thelining-frames. Fig.

6 is a view of one of the sheet-metal linings for covering the frames.Fig. 7 is a detail view of one of the frictional aprons. Fig. 8 is aside elevation of the end-cut brick-die withsevering-knivessnbstitutedforshearing-wires, and Figs. 9 and 10 aredetail views of the severing-knives.

The same letters of reference of the specification are used in thedifferent figuresof the drawings to designate the same parts.

Reference being had to the drawings, A

designates the casing of the die or former, which preferably is a metalshell formed with a broad flange, 1, provided with bolt-ho1es 2, throughwhich bolts are passed to attach the die-casing to the end of themachine. The delivery-opening of the casing is formed with aninwardly-projecting flange, 3,which serves to keep the frames in thecasing.

B designates one of a number of rectangular frames,which are arranged inthe casing in a series of from four to eight. They are made to fitloosely in the casing, so that a luhricator can be distributed betweentheir frames and the interior of the casing, and to facilitate anddirect the flow of the lubricant the frames are formed withshallowgroovcs 4-.in their edges, which lead the lubricant "around theexterior. These frames are generally arranged in their positions withpacking between their faces to control the lubricant, so that it doesnot all flow to the front and be discharged there more than at the areacovered by these frames at the rear.

O designates sheet-metal frames made to fit the interior of the frames(B, and of such width that when inserted in the die their outer edgeslap the edge of the next in advance. These sheet-metal frames, which arecalled liners in the trade, are formed with flanges a,which fit betweenthe edge faces of two contiguous lubricatingframes, and are held inposition by the flanges so arranged between the frames. The lubricantfinds its way between the in terstices of the lapped edges.

D designates sheet-metal plates or auxiliary liners arranged equidistantin the frames over the main liners and laid fiat on them. These plates Dhave their bases held in place by flanges 5, arranged between theinnermost frame and the edges of the casing. I have shown these platesof a semi-elliptical form; but they may have tapering sides instead ofcurvilinear boundaries. The purpose is to preserve the frictionalcontact of the clay at these parts in order that the corners shall belubricated and move with less friction than the middle portions, thusequalizing the movements of the slabs and bringing them from the dieuniform in shape and compression.

On the top of the casing is placed a reservoir, E, for holding thelubricant. It is covered by a close-fitting lid, 6,which may be securedby bolts or other means. The bottom of this reservoir is provided withsmallgrooves 7, leading into drip-holes 8 through the bottom of thereservoir and opening into the grooves in the edges of the frames. Onthe reservoir is a stand-pipe, 9, opening into the reservoir, andprovided with a valve or wayeock, 10, to regulate the flow of thelubricant from the tank 11, with which the pipe 9 has communication. Thebottom of the easing has extending from it two supports, 12, betweenwhich are journaled carrying-rolls 13, to assist in carrying the formsafter they are discharged from the dies.

F designates the cutting means. These, preferably, are knives 14 and 15,the shanks of which are bolted to the casing with the blades projectingoutward in opposite directions. The blade of knife 14 is made thelongest and projects on an incline outward and downward, overhanging andreaching beyond the point of the lower knife, 15, the blade of whichprojects upward and outward,the point terminating short of the otherblade, leaving a space between them, but the two blades covering thewhole height of the die. This arrangement givcs the knives a shearingcut in theclay,which is much better than if arranged to give a verticalout. In some soft and clean clays the cutting means may be cutting-wiresarranged at an incline and secured substantially as shown in Fig. 2.

In case of the knives, the space between their points permits roots andfibers, &c., to work out and off between them; but in case of the wiressuch substances are pushed to the lower end, from where they are removedby hand. In the older constructions of dies of this character the linershave been placed directly in contact with the face of the casing, or theeasing has been made in sections and the liners held between thesections; but I am not aware that frames with lubricating-grooves intheir edges have been adapted to a planetapering casing and linershaving flanges fitted to the frames and held in them by the flanges haveheretofore been used. The advantage of my arrangement and constructionis the increased facility with which the frames and liners may beremoved and replaced.

The operation of myimprovements is: \Vhen the clay is forced into thedie, a small quantity of lubricant is let in the reservoir by means ofthe valve in the stand-pipe, which percolates through the drip-holes andthence is distributed through the grooves in the frames and between theliners into the interior over the surface of the clay, excepting thoseareas covered by the impervious plates or aprons. The result is that theclay is lubricated only on those surfaces where lubrication is essentialthat is, in the angles and on the surfaces adjacent thercto and thecolumn of clay is pushed out uniform in all its parts without the usualgreater flow in the center. In order to maintain and secure thisuniformity in the forms, I prefer to have the clay discharged in asingle large slab or column and then split or cut it into the desiredsizes by the cutting means described. a

hat I claim is 1. The combination, with the former-casing of abrick-machine having lubricating-ducts through the casing, of a numberof detachable frames formed with grooves in their edges and arranged insuccession within the casing, a number of metal plates or liners fittedwithin and held by the said frames, and the impervious plates or apronsarranged to cover the middle parts of the liners, substantially as described, and forthe purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the casing of a brick-machine die havinglubricating-ducts, of metal lining-frames arranged within the cas ing todischarge the lubricant at one of the edges, and impervious platesor'aprons D, arranged equidistant in the casing over the main liners,substantially as described, and for the purpose stated.

3. The combination, with the former-casing of a brick-machine, of linersadapted to admit a lubricant between their lapped edges, and imperviousplates arranged equidistant from the corners of said liners and laidflat thereon to prevent the flow of the lubricant on the clay,substantially as described, and for the purpose stated.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twoattesting witnesses.

ROBERT NIEDERGESAESS.

Attest:

OTToO. BUTZ, ll/IAJOR MoGRnGoR.

